The making of a LCD display panel involves two glass sheets that sandwich a liquid-crystal material. A complex circuitry pattern is printed in one substrate, or glass sheet. An ultra high-definition TV for instance, requires 2 million pixels. To achieve that, several layers of electrodes are etched into glass to control the electric voltage and image data that course through the liquid crystals. This circuitry shapes the varying degrees of brightness and color that create the sharp and distinct images characteristic of LCD sets.
The other glass sheet serves as a color filter. Each of the 2 million pixels used in a Full HD TV are coated with red, green, and blue chemicals (basic primary colors) to generate different hues. These pixels are lit up by an electronic current passing through them and, in combination with the liquid crystals, change in polarization and color to shape the final image.
Liquid crystals are injected between two sheets of glass—one etched with complex circuitry and the other embedded with pixels coated with color chemicals. They are sealed together tightly to create a vacuum for better image quality. Polarizer filters are placed on either side of the glass sheets to further define the image.
